What does productivity result in constriction?What are the 3 ways to measure productivity?

 

1 results of productivity

The data collection was the longest phase of this project which lasted about four months i.e. September 2019 to January 2020 (winter season).  Data collection Gulberg mall building construction project. We gathered data from the field (construction sites), by going to the site at least 3 times a week and also contacted other members of engineering and construction community to assist us to collect the mentioned data for us. The whole data for labour productivity was cross checked by the members of final year project in order to accurately interpret and analyse the data. Data analysis of all the observations, related discussions and findings of all five projects are explained below in detail.

4.2 Human Category: Labour Skill level

Labour skill level is related to the number of years the person has worked in the construction field. At construction site, variety of labour having different years of experience is working. Now matte what activity is being performed at site you will find labour having various years of experience. We categorized the labour skill level into 3 categories: 0-5 years, 5-10 years & 10-15 years. Following are the results of productivity of each activity against labour skill.

Field results

Productivity vs Labour skill level (concreting)   

Fig 4.1 Productivity vs Labour skill level (concreting)        

Productivity vs Labour skill level (brickwork)

  Fig 4.2 Productivity vs Labour skill level (brickwork)

 

       

Productivity vs Labour skill level (shuttering)         

Fig 4.3 Productivity vs Labour skill level (shuttering)         

Productivity vs Labour skill level (rebar installation)

  Fig 4.4 Productivity vs Labour skill level (rebar installation)

4.2.1 General trend from graph (Productivity vs Labour Skill Level):

Productivity increases as labour skill level increases up till an optimum level i.e. 5-10 year experience. Beyond that productivity starts to decrease. The same trend is being followed by all the four activities graphs.

4.3Finance Category: Working Overtime

Overtime is the time when a labour works beyond the standard set of working hours. The labour are paid hourly at a fix rate. The same rate is fixed for the working overtime hours. Working long hours has become a routinized part of life in Asia. Overtime is utilized to speed up the construction process. It is working more than forty hours per week, i.e. working more than eight hours per day. When the project is behind schedule, overtime work is done to increase the performance of a project. Following are the results of productivity of each activity against working overtime.

4.3.1 General trend from graph (Productivity vs Working Overtime):

As the overtime extends, productivity starts to decrease. Peculiar results are seen at 2^nd & 3^rd hours of brickwork and Rebar installation.

4.4 Environment Category: Temperature

Temperature has physiological effect on labours, hence it effects how effective a labour will work. All the four construction sites were in the Islamabad region, therefore all the sites had similar temperature on any given day, which made it easier for us to analyse and compare the data.

4.4.1 General trend from graph (Productivity vs Temperature):

The temperature range is of months September 2019 to January 2020. Not a linear trend, but a gradual increase is being shown by the graphical line, which concludes that productivity increases with the rise in temperature during the span of months mentioned above.

4.5 Project Category: Complexity of Project

What is a complex project and how did we rate our construction sites on a complexity scale is mentioned in the ‘chapter 3 - data collection’ section.

4.5.1 General trend from graph (Productivity vs Complexity of Project):

My constructions site Gulberg mall’. After performing the complexity criteria check, our construction sites rated as:

·        Gulberg mall

  For all the activities see a similar trend. More complex the project, higher will be the productivity.

4.6 Material & Tools Category: Shortage of Material

Complete material shortage is very rare at construction sites. Back-up material is always there to cope up with the material shortage. Whereas, a limited supply or availability of a material was observed. Following are the two graphs: series 2 represent a normal routine day when the bricks were readily available. Series 1, represents when the brick weren’t readily available and there were a limited number of bricks at site

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Field results

Fig .Productivity vs Shortage of material (brickwork)

4.6.1 General trend from graph (Productivity vs Shortage of Material):

When material is readily available, productivity is high (trend shown by series 2) and when the material supply gets limited, productivity gets reduced. The sharp decline between 1pm to 2pm is due to lunch break, since no work is being done.

4.7 Management Category: Project Management Process

To judge this process, we took an average of all the particular activity that took place at a specific site for the span of 3 months – site wise productivity.

4.7.1 General trend from graph (Productivity vs Project Management Process):

Each colour line represents the total average of activity at the particular site. Through the project management performa, we generalised the perception that project management process was very highly effective at Gulberg mall,  From graphs, if we look at the yellow line (gulberg mall), we will notice that its productivity value remained high in each activity and the blue line of swimming pool showed that productivity of each activity remained least. Hence our graphs backed our project management performa results. Bottom line, better the project management process, greater the productivity.